Acrylic: Acrylic fiber is a synthetic polymer fiber that contains at least 85% acrylonitrile.

Blend: A Blend is a fabric or yarn made up of more than one type of fiber.

Cashmere wool, usually simply known as cashmere, is a fiber obtained from Cashmere and other goats. The word cashmere derives from an old spelling of Kashmir. Cashmere wool is fine in texture, and it is also strong, light, and soft. When it is made into garments, they are extremely warm to wear.

Chenille: Chenille may refer to either a type of cored yarn or fabric made from it. Chenille, the French word for caterpillar, is typically used to describe a type of fabric.

Chiffon: Chiffon is a sheer fabric made of silk or rayon.

Colorfast: A term used to describe whether the colors bleed or not in washing.

Cotton: Cotton is a soft fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant, a shrub native to the tropical and subtropical regions of both the Old World and the New World. The fibre is most often spun into thread and used to make a soft, breathable textile.

Crepe: Crepe is a silk fabric of a gauzy texture, having a peculiar crisp or crimpy appearance.

Cross-stitch: Cross-stitch is a popular form of counted-thread embroidery in which X-shaped stitches are used to form a picture.

Crochet: The word crochet describes the process of creating fabric from a length of cord, yarn, or thread with a hooked tool.

Damask: Damask is a fabric of silk, wool, linen, cotton, or synthetic fibers, with a pattern formed by weaving. Today, it generally denotes a linen texture richly figured in the weaving with flowers, fruit, forms of animal life, and other types of ornament.

Dyes: Dye is used to color fabric. There are two main types: Natural dyes, and synthetic dyes. The process is called Dyeing.

Embroidery: Embroidery is an ancient variety of decorative needlework in which designs and pictures are created by stitching strands of some material on to a layer of another material.

Fiber: Fiber or fibre (see spelling differences) is a class of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces, similar to pieces of thread. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. They can be spun into filaments, thread, or rope. They can be used as a component of composite materials. They can also be matted into sheets to make products such as paper or felt.

Flannel: Flannel is a cloth that is commonly used to make clothing and bedsheets. It is usually made from either wool, wool and cotton, or wool and synthetic fabric.

Hem: To hem a piece of cloth (in sewing), a garment worker folds up a cut edge, folds it up again, and then sews it down. The process of hemming thus completely encloses the cut edge in cloth, so that it cannot ravel. A hem is also the edge of cloth hemmed in this manner.

Jacquard loom:  The Jacquard loom was the first machine to use punched cards. It uses punched cards to control the pattern being woven. It is a form of dobby loom, where individual harnesses can be raised and lowered independently.

Jute: Jute is a long, soft, shiny plant fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. Jute is one of the cheapest natural fibres, and is second only to cotton in amount produced and variety of uses. Jute fibres are composed primarily of the plant materials cellulose and lignin.

Lace: Lace-making is an ancient craft. A lace fabric is lightweight openwork fabric, patterned, either by machine or by hand, with open holes in the work. The holes can be formed via removal of threads or cloth from a previously woven fabric, but more often lace is built up from a single thread and the open spaces are created as part of the lace fabric.

Linen: Linen is a material made from the fibers of the flax plant. Linen produced in Ireland is called Irish linen. Linens are fabric household goods, such as pillowcases and towels.

Macramé: Macrame or macramé is a form of textile-making using knotting rather than weaving or knitting. Its primary knots are the square knot and forms of hitching (full hitch and double half hitches).

Mercerized cotton: Mercerization is a treatment for cotton fabric and thread mostly employed to give cotton a lustrous appearance.

Merino: Merino is the Spanish name for a breed of sheep, and hence applied to a woolen fabric.

Microfibre: Microfibre is a term for fibres with strands thinner than one denier. Fabrics made with microfibres are exceptionally soft and hold their shape well.

Modal: Modal is a cellulose fiber made by spinning reconstituted cellulose from beech trees.

Nonwoven fabric: Non-woven textiles are those which are neither woven nor knit, for example felt. Non-wovens are typically not strong (unless reinforced by a backing), and do not stretch. They are cheap to manufacture.

Organza: Organza is a thin, plain weave, sheer fabric traditionally made from silk, the continuous filament of silkworms. Nowadays, though many organzas are woven with synthetic filament fibers such as polyester or nylon, the most luxurious organzas are still woven in silk

Patchwork: Patchwork is a form of needlework or craft that involves sewing together small pieces of fabric and stitching them together into a larger design, which is then usually quilted, or else tied together with pieces of yarn at regular intervals, a practice known as tying. Patchwork is traditionally 'pieced' by hand, but modern quiltmakers often use a sewing machine instead.

Percale: Percale refers to a closely woven, high thread count, cotton fabric often used for sheets and clothing.

Plaid: From a Scots language word meaning blanket, plaid usually referring to patterned woollen cloth otherwise known as tartan.

Polyester: Polyester is a synthetic fiber

Quilt: Quilting is a method of sewing or tying two layers of cloth with a layer of insulating batting in between. A bed covering or similar large rectangular piece of quilting work is called a quilt.

Sateen: Sateen is a fabric formed with a satin weave where the floats are perpendicular to the selvage of the goods.

Satin: A Satin is a cloth that typically has a glossy surface and a dull back. It is formed by a sequence of broken twill floats in either the warp or weft system, which respectively identify the goods as either a satin or a sateen.

Silk: Silk is a natural protein fiber that can be woven into textiles. It is obtained from the cocoon of the silkworm larva, in the process known as sericulture, which kills the larvae. The shimmering appearance for which it is prized comes from the fibres triangular prism-like structure, which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles.

Taffeta (formerly sometimes spelled taffety) is a crisp, smooth woven fabric made from silk or synthetic fibres. The word is Persian in origin, and means "twisted woven."

Tapestry: Tapestry is a form of textile art. It is woven by hand on a weaving-loom. The chain thread is the carrier in which the coloured striking thread is woven. In this way, a colourful pattern or image is created. Most weavers use a naturally based chain thread made out of linen or wool. The striking threads can be made out of silk, wool, gold or silver, but can also be made out of any form of textile.

Tassel: A tassel is a ball-shaped bunch of plaited or otherwise entangled threads from which at one end protrudes a cord on which the tassel is hung, and which may have loose, dangling threads at the other end.

Terry cloth: Terry cloth is a type of cloth with loops sticking out. Most bath towels are examples of Terry cloth.

Thread count: The thread count is the number of warp threads per inch plus the number of weft threads.

Velour: Velour is a textile, a knitted counterpart of velvet. It combines the stretchy properties of knits such as spandex with the rich appearance and feel of velvet.

Velvet: Velvet is a type of tufted fabric in which the cut threads are very evenly distributed, with a short dense pile, giving it its distinct feel. Velvet can be made from any fiber. It is woven on a special loom that weaves two piece of velvet at the same time. The two pieces are then cut apart and the two lengths of fabric are wound on separate take-up rolls.

Viscose: Viscose is an artificial cellulose-based polymer, sometimes used as a synonym for Rayon

Wool: Wool is the fiber derived from the hair of domesticated animals, usually sheep.

Source: Wikipedia